Volume 26 Issue 2
Feb.  2026
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HUANG Ming, ZHANG Cheng-zhao, LAI Feng-wen, LU Yao, WEI Wei. Calculation of displacement response induced by tunnel excavation considering restraint effects of in-service piles and soil stiffness hardening[J]. Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering, 2026, 26(2): 186-197. doi: 10.19818/j.cnki.1671-1637.2026.009
Citation: HUANG Ming, ZHANG Cheng-zhao, LAI Feng-wen, LU Yao, WEI Wei. Calculation of displacement response induced by tunnel excavation considering restraint effects of in-service piles and soil stiffness hardening[J]. Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering, 2026, 26(2): 186-197. doi: 10.19818/j.cnki.1671-1637.2026.009
shu

Calculation of displacement response induced by tunnel excavation considering restraint effects of in-service piles and soil stiffness hardening

doi: 10.19818/j.cnki.1671-1637.2026.009
  • 1.

    School of Civil Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, Fujian, China

  • 2.

    China Railway 18th Bureau Group First Engineering Co., Ltd., Zhuozhou 072750, Hebei, China

Funds:

National Natural Science Foundation of China 52378392

National Natural Science Foundation of China 52408356

National Youth Top-notch Talent Support Program of China 00389335

"Foal Eagle Program" Youth Top-notch Talent Project of Fujian Province 00387088

Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program by CAST 2024QNRC001

More Information
  • Corresponding author: LAI Feng-wen, associate researcher, PhD, E-mail: laifengwen@fzu.edu.cn
  • Received Date: 2025-03-19
  • Accepted Date: 2025-07-22
  • Rev Recd Date: 2025-06-04
  • Publish Date: 2026-02-28
    Abstract
  • Neglecting the restraint effect of in-service piles and the stress-dependency of soil stiffness in pile-soil interaction may lead to a certain degree of discrepancy between the theoretically calculated values and the realistic values of displacement responses induced by tunnel excavation. Therefore, a two-stage analysis method (TSAM) was adopted to develop a pile-soil interaction model incorporating both the restraint effect of in-service piles and soil stiffness hardening. Moreover, an equivalent internal friction angle integrating soil cohesion was introduced to correct the Loganathan-Poulos (L & P) formula and calculate soil displacements induced by tunnel excavation adjacent to in-service piles. Using a Winkler model with nonlinear soil springs, the displacement of existing piles resulting from tunnel excavation was subsequently determined. Finally, the proposed solution was utilized to explore the rules of pile displacement responses induced by tunnel excavation, taking into account the influence of pile-tunnel spacing, ground loss ratio, tunnel depth, and pile diameter. The results demonstrate that the proposed solution exhibits excellent agreement with the existing theoretical solutions, centrifuge test data, and field monitoring results for surface settlement, offering a significant improvement over the traditional L & P formula. The change law of in-depth soil displacement solution shows strong consistency with that of existing theoretical solutions. Notably, the pile displacements predicted by considering the restraint effect of in-service piles and soil stiffness hardening are smaller than those estimated by existing theoretical solutions. Under different ground loss ratio scenarios, the calculated pile displacement exhibits consistent overall trends with finite element (FE) results. At the tunnel axis elevation, the calculated vertical pile displacements are about 2% lower than the FE results, with horizontal displacements being 10% smaller than the FE results.

     

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